Environmental factors include public health policies, social factors and the messages spread by the media. The complex nature of motives behind vaccine hesitancy can be analysed using the epidemiologic triad of environmental, agent and host factors. Convenience entails the availability, affordability and delivery of vaccines in a comfortable context. Confidence refers to the trust in vaccination safety, effectiveness, besides the competence of the healthcare systems. Complacency denotes the low perception of the disease risk hence, vaccination was deemed unnecessary. Factors that affect the attitude towards acceptance of vaccination include complacency, convenience and confidence. Addressing the scope of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in various countries is recommended as an initial step for building trust in COVID-19 vaccination efforts.īased on the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE), vaccine hesitancy is the term used to describe: “delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services”. Such studies are particularly needed in the Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Middle and South America. More studies are recommended to address the scope of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. This could represent a major problem in the global efforts to control the current COVID-19 pandemic. Low rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were reported in the Middle East, Russia, Africa and several European countries. In the majority of survey studies among the general public stratified per country (29/47, 62%), the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination showed a level of ≥70%. Only eight surveys among healthcare workers (doctors and nurses) were found, with vaccine acceptance rates ranging from 27.7% in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to 78.1% in Israel. Among adults representing the general public, the highest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found in Ecuador (97.0%), Malaysia (94.3%), Indonesia (93.3%) and China (91.3%). Survey studies on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were found from 33 different countries. Results from 31 peer-reviewed published studies met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis for the final COVID-19 vaccine acceptance estimates. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed English survey literature indexed in PubMed was done on 25 December 2020.
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The aim of this review was to provide an up-to-date assessment of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates worldwide. Vaccine acceptance among the general public and healthcare workers appears to have a decisive role in the successful control of the pandemic. It also found that the majority of those asked whether the shot causes blood clots are most likely to say that claim is false, or that they don't know whether it is true.Utility of vaccine campaigns to control coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is not merely dependent on vaccine efficacy and safety. It found that 17% of respondents now say that if they had a choice, they would prefer to have the AstraZeneca vaccine - down from 24% towards the end of March. It was designed as a follow-up to a study first conducted late last year to track how and why views of COVID-19 vaccines have changed. The UK survey was conducted between April 1 and 16 and covered 4,896 UK adults aged between 18 and 75. They say no causal link has been established, and that the vaccine's benefits in preventing COVID-19 far outweigh any risks.
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"In fact, the trend has been towards increased commitment to get vaccinated – and quickly – as the rollout has progressed so well, with no sign of serious widespread problems."īoth the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Britain's Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (MHRA) have reviewed the vaccine's safety in the wake of the blood clot reports. "The blood clot scare has affected how some of the (UK)public view the AstraZeneca vaccine – but has not reduced confidence in vaccines overall," said Bobby Duffy, director of King's College London's Policy Institute which co-led the study. Many countries have resumed using the shot, but with some restrictions.
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More than a dozen European countries temporarily suspended its use after reports of blood clots combined with low platelets in a very small number of people who had received it.